Spherical liquid fuel burner



Jan. 22, 1946. J. L. BREESE SPHERICAL LIQUID FUEL BURNER 2 Shets-Sheet 1 Filed April 14, 1943 Jan.22,1946. B ESE 2,393,231

SPHERICAL LIQUID FUEL BURNER F r v Filed April 14, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 yr 2/ 20 22 I j 2 I w m u fl eze zaz. J'amesL Breasa Patented Jan. 22, 1946 srnamcar. LIQUID FUEL BURNER James L. Bree'se, Santa Fe, N.- Mex assignor to Oil Devices, Santa Fe, N. Mex., a limited partnership of Illinois Application April 14, 1943, Serial No. 483,001

' 7 Claims.

' My invention relates .to an improvement in oil burners and has for one purpose the provision of an oil burner unit which can readily be applied.

' to a stove or furnace.

Another purpose is the provision of such a burner which may be secured to the exterior of the stove or furnace and direct a flame into the combustion chamber of a furnace or stove, or other heating unit.

Another purpose is the provision of a compact unit applicable as a unit to a stove or furnace, and including a means for vaporizing fuel and for supplying air to mix with the vaporized fuel.

Another purpose is the provision of an improved burner in which a vaporizing container is contered in an optimum position in relation ,to a surrounding apertured shell.

Other purposes will appear from. time to time in the course of the specificationa id claims.

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings wherein: Fig. 1 is a plan view'with parts broken away;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 is a detail section of a variant form.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specification and drawings.

Referring to the drawings, I generally indicates any suitable stove or furnace, herein illustrated as a cook stove. 2 indicates the heating or combustion chamber, and 3 the grate bars of a cook stove chamber. The grate bars, of course, are unnecessary when my heating unit is applied, but are left as illustrative of the fact that no change or modification of the furnace or stove is necessary except the attachment thereto of the below described heating unit.

The unit properincludes a plate 4 with a central flame aperture 5. Y Secured to or forming part of the plate is a generally spherical outer shell 6, which may be made in two pieces, I indicating the outer piece or section, the two sections being joined in any suitable manner, as by the interlocking flanges 8. The outer shell section I is herein shown as provided with an offset 9, which may for convenience be cylindrical, and which is secured to any motor fan unit, including the motor l0 and the fan ll, whereby if desired air may be delivered under pressure tothe interior of the shell 6, l. Mounted within the shell 6, 1 is an inner shell or mixing chamber l2, the walls of which are provided with a plurality of air inlet apertures I3 effective to admit primary air.

I4 is any suitable vaporizing pan, which may be mounted on any suitable fuel inlet pipe l5,.

which extends outwardly through the inner and outer shells. For convenience, any suitable float chamber IS'may be employed, or any other suitable means for maintaining a predetermined level of fuel within the vaporizing pan M. H is a fuel pipe extending to the float chamber from any suitable source or supply of liquid fuel not herein shown. Since the details of the float chamber do not of themselves form part of the present invention, they are not illustrated, and it will be understood that any suitable means may be employed for maintaining a predetermined level of fuel within the pan l4 and for varying the supply of fuel therein, or the rate of flow of fuel thereto. I illustrate for example the manual control knob l8, but it will be understood that any suitable manual or automatic means may be employed to maintain a variable supply of fuel to the vaporizing pan I4, or to maintain a predetermined level of fuel or flow of fuel in or to the pan.

It will be observed that the inner shell I2 is provided with a flame ring or lip 20, which defines an aperture 2| aligned with the aperture 5 of the outer shell. The opposed parts of the inner and outer shell define a gap 22, which may be employed for example to admit secondary air to the mixture of vaporized hydrocarbon and primary air,

When a full supply of fuel is supplied and the burner is burning at its maximum or high flame stage, the apertures 13 are effective to supply the primary air necessary to mix with the hydrocarbon vaporized b the heat of combustion. This primary mixture travels towards the aperture 2 I, and as it passes through the aperture, it receives the secondary air necessary for the final mixture, Which then is completely burned in a flame which extends longitudinally into the flame or combustion chamber 2. It will be observed that the parts are so shaped that this secondary air supply is directed convergingly about the primary mixture. This assists in forming the flame and is an advantageous method of supplying secondary air.

It will be understood that-at the low stages of combustion, as when a minimum supply of fuel is being admitted, the'fan may be dispensed with, or the fan circuit broken in any suitable manner. Also, under some circumstances the burner may be operated as a natural draft burner with a complete omission of the fan, particularly where a high stack is employed and the furnace or stove is so proportioned as to be suitable for natural draft combustion. However. in the main I find it advantageous to employ at least some measure of air Dtfissure in order to render'the burner independent of natural draft conditions and to avoid the possible disadvantages of a fluctuating natural draft.

I flnd it advantageous to morev or less center.

the pan ll in relation to the spherical inner container I2. I may position or support the inner member- It in any suitable manner. I illustrate for example a plurality of vanes 30, which not merely serve as centering means, but which assist. in directing the air and preventing eddy currents and swirling of the air in the space between the two spheres. Also, the inner sphere may be formed with flanges 3|, which assist in the supporting function and in directing the air.

Referring to Fig. 5, the plate 4 is illustrated as provided with air inlet apertures 50, which admit air, in addition to the airdelivered through the air gap 22 between the outer shell 8 and the inner shell or pot i2. It will be understood that a variety-of structures may be employed to direct additional air from outside the outer shell 6, 1

,to the mixture delivered through the flame aperture.

It will also be realized that, whereas I have described and'shown a spherical burner, I' wish my description, drawings and claims to be interpreted as ofsuflicient breadth to cover burners which are not precisely spherical, as long as the spherical or generally spherical body is'employed to converge jets of air or flame upon a vaporizing characteristic feature of a spherical or partly pan. For example, the forward or delivery end of the unit might be spherical, or generally spherical, or formed to obtain the same advantages as are obtained by the truly spherical pot herein shown, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

- an aperture aligned with the flame outlet open- 1. In a pot type hydroxylating burner, a pot having a generally spherical wall with a flame outlet opening therein, said wall having a plurality of primary air inlet. apertures distributed circumferentially thereabout at various. distances from saidopening, an open topped vaporizing cup located within said pot and spaced from the inner face of the wall thereof and located in the general region ofconvergence of Jets admitted through said primary air inlet apertures and means for delivering a liquid fuel to said cup.

2. In apot type hydroxylatlng burner, a pot having a generally spherical wall with a flame :outlet opening therein, said wall having a plurality of primary air inlet apertures distributed ting .air to the'space between the outer housing and the pot. I

3. In a pot type hydroxylating burner, a pot having a generally spherical wall with a flame outlet opening therein, said wall having a plurality of primary air inlet apertures distributed circumferentially thereabout at various distances from said opening, an open topped. vaporizing cup located within said pot and spaced from the inner face of the wall thereof and located in the general region ofconvergence of jets admitted Y through'said primary air inlet apertures, means for delivering a liquid fuel to said cup, an outer housing surroundingsaid pot and means for supplying air to the space between the outer housing and the pot including a fan passage element,.

a fan therein, and means for rotating the fan. 4. In a pot type hydroxylating burner, a pot having a generally spherical wall with a flame -outlet opening therein, said wall having a plurality of primary air inlet apertures distributed circumferentially thereabout at various distances from said opening, an open topped vaporizing cup located within said pot and spaced from the inner face of the wall thereof and located in the general region of convergence of jets admitted through said primary air inlet apertures, means for delivering a liquid fuel to said cup and an .outer housing surrounding said pot and means for delivering air to the space between the outer housing and the pot, said outer housing having an aperture aligned with the flame outletopening of the pot.

5. In a pot type hydroxylating burner, a pot having a generally spherical wall with a flame outlet opening therein, said 'wall having a plurality of primary air inlet apertures distributed circumferentiaily thereabout at various distances from said opening, an open topped vaporizing cup located within said not and spaced from the inner face of the wall thereof and located in the general region of convergence of jets admitted through said primary air inlet apertures, means for delivering a liquid fuel to said cup, an' outer housing surrounding said pot and means for delivering air to the space between the outer housing and the pot, said outer housing having ing of the pot, the opposed walls of the pot and the outer housing defining, about the flame outlet opening of'the pot, an air directing annulus adapted to deliver air about the flame delivered from the pot.

6. In a pot type hydroxylating burner, a pothaving a generally spherical wall with a flame circumferentially thereabout at various distances from said opening, an open topped vaporizing cup located within said pot and spaced from the inner face of the wall thereof and located in the general region of convergence of jets admitted through said primary air inlet apertures, means for delivering a liquid fuel to'said cup, an outer outlet opening therein, said wall having a pluralitymf primary air inlet apertures distributed circumferentially thereabout at various distances from said opening, an open topped vaporizing cup located within said pot and spaced from the inner face of the wall thereof and located inthe general region of convergence of jets admitted through said primary air inlet apertures, means for delivering a liquid 'fuel to said cup, an outer housing surrounding said pot and means for admithousing surrounding said pot and means'for delivering air to the space between the outer housing and the pot, said outer housing having an aperture aligned with the flame outlet opening of the pot, the opposed walls of the pot and the outer housing defining, aboutthe flame outlet opening of the pot, an'air directing annulus adapted to deliver air about the flame delivered from the pot convergingly inwardly thereabout.

'7. In a-pot type burner adapted for attachment to furnaces, stoves, and .the'like, a plate a flame aperture aligned with the aperture of said plate, said pot having a plurality of primary air inlets therein, a vaporizing cup located within said pot, means for supplying liquid fuel to said vaporizing cup, and means for supplying secondary air'to the mixture of vaporized fuel and primary air passing ir'om said pot.

JAMES L. BREESE. 

